Hey there, fellow Psychology Nerds!
This blog here is to help you navigate through the unit of Psychological Disorders as well as help you find websites and other helpful tools to help you throughout this year of AP Psych. In this blog here, I will give you several multiple choice questions, with answers, as well as links to different sites or articles to help you answer them, and a couple free response questions too. I know you just love those free response questions, and if you don't yet, you will by the end of the year. There will also be links to different sites to help you with answering those questions. On top of everything that may happen this year, make sure to have fun and ask questions in your class. Trust me, it's worth it. So don't stress too much; before you know it, you'll be writing the College Board Exam, and it will be over in the blink of an eye. So have fun, get to know the people in your class, and don't forget to do your study cards...
Enjoy your year of Advanced Placement Psychology!
(P.S. It may make you question your sanity sometimes, but it's worth it! Also, don't procrastinate... It's not worth it...)
Wednesday, 22 June 2016
All The Terms You Should Know For This Unit
Here are the terms that you most definitely should know for this unit. If you understand what they are, any free response that you have to answer regarding them should be a breeze! Good luck!
Psychological Disorder: characterized as deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts feelings and behaviors
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): characterized by one or more of the following; extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
Medical Model: this is the idea that any disease has a physical cause that can be diagnosed, treated, and often cured through medical treatment
DSM-IV-TR: the American Psychological Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, "Text Revision" It is used to help classify psychological disorders
Anxiety Disorders: psychol
ogical disorders that are often marked by distressing and persistent anxiety or being unable to adapt properly to reduce the anxiety
Generalized Anxiety Disorder: the anxiety disorder in which the person is in a constant state of tension, are apprehensive, and the autonomic nervous system is constantly aroused
Panic Disorder: this disorder is marked by unpredictable, sometimes minute-long episodes of feeling intense dread in which the sufferer may be terrified and may be accompanied by physical pain in the chest, the feeling of choking, or any others symptoms that might cause one to be frightened
Phobia: this is characterized by persistent and irrational fear, and the avoidance of specific objects, activities or situations
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: this is an anxiety disorder that is characterized by repetitive thoughts and actions that are unwanted and disruptive to normal life
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: a disorder that is characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and insomnia that last for four or more weeks after a traumatic event is experienced
Post-Traumatic Growth: positive psychological changes that are caused by struggling with extremely difficult and challenging life crises and circumstances
Mood Disorders: these are psychological disorders that are marked by emotional extremes
Major Depressive Disorder: a mood disorder in which the patient experiences, without drugs or any underlying medical condition, a significant depression or lessened interest or pleasure in activities for two or more weeks.
Mania: this is a mood disorder that is characterized by a crazy, hyperactive, extremely optimistic state
Bipolar Disorder: a disorder in which a person experiences the same feelings of hopelessness and lethargy of depression as well as the overexcited state of mania
Schizophrenia: severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed and distorted perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and behaviors.
Psychosis: This disorder is when a patient loses contact with all reality, and begins to experience irrational ideas, and their perceptions distorted
Delusions: Delusions are false beliefs, often of grandeur or persecution, that accompany many psychotic disorders
Dissociative Disorders: Disorders in which a persons conscious awareness becomes separated from their previous thoughts, memories and feelings
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID): A rare dissociative disorder where a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities
Anorexia Nervosa: This is an eating disorder in which a person, usually a teenaged girl, starves themself in order to stay thin, despite being severely underweight
Bulimia Nervosa: Another eating disorder, but this one is when a person, again often a teenaged girl, alternates between binge eating, and purging, or fasting
Binge-Eating Disorder: Significant episodes of eating past the point of full, and then followed by the feeling in digust, guilt, or distress, but without the purging or fasting that follows with bulimia nervosa
Personality Disorders: Psychological disorders that are characterised by inflexible and enduring behavioral patterns that impair normal social functioning
Antisocial Personality Disorder: Personality disorder in which a person, usually a man exhibits an extreme lack of conscience for any wrongdoing, even when it's towards friends or family. They may be ruthless and aggressive, or a clever con artist
Psychological Disorder: characterized as deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts feelings and behaviors
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): characterized by one or more of the following; extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
Medical Model: this is the idea that any disease has a physical cause that can be diagnosed, treated, and often cured through medical treatment
DSM-IV-TR: the American Psychological Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, "Text Revision" It is used to help classify psychological disorders
Anxiety Disorders: psychol
ogical disorders that are often marked by distressing and persistent anxiety or being unable to adapt properly to reduce the anxiety
Generalized Anxiety Disorder: the anxiety disorder in which the person is in a constant state of tension, are apprehensive, and the autonomic nervous system is constantly aroused
Panic Disorder: this disorder is marked by unpredictable, sometimes minute-long episodes of feeling intense dread in which the sufferer may be terrified and may be accompanied by physical pain in the chest, the feeling of choking, or any others symptoms that might cause one to be frightened
Phobia: this is characterized by persistent and irrational fear, and the avoidance of specific objects, activities or situations
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: this is an anxiety disorder that is characterized by repetitive thoughts and actions that are unwanted and disruptive to normal life
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: a disorder that is characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and insomnia that last for four or more weeks after a traumatic event is experienced
Post-Traumatic Growth: positive psychological changes that are caused by struggling with extremely difficult and challenging life crises and circumstances
Mood Disorders: these are psychological disorders that are marked by emotional extremes
Major Depressive Disorder: a mood disorder in which the patient experiences, without drugs or any underlying medical condition, a significant depression or lessened interest or pleasure in activities for two or more weeks.
Mania: this is a mood disorder that is characterized by a crazy, hyperactive, extremely optimistic state
Bipolar Disorder: a disorder in which a person experiences the same feelings of hopelessness and lethargy of depression as well as the overexcited state of mania
Schizophrenia: severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed and distorted perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and behaviors.
Psychosis: This disorder is when a patient loses contact with all reality, and begins to experience irrational ideas, and their perceptions distorted
Delusions: Delusions are false beliefs, often of grandeur or persecution, that accompany many psychotic disorders
Dissociative Disorders: Disorders in which a persons conscious awareness becomes separated from their previous thoughts, memories and feelings
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID): A rare dissociative disorder where a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities
Anorexia Nervosa: This is an eating disorder in which a person, usually a teenaged girl, starves themself in order to stay thin, despite being severely underweight
Bulimia Nervosa: Another eating disorder, but this one is when a person, again often a teenaged girl, alternates between binge eating, and purging, or fasting
Binge-Eating Disorder: Significant episodes of eating past the point of full, and then followed by the feeling in digust, guilt, or distress, but without the purging or fasting that follows with bulimia nervosa
Personality Disorders: Psychological disorders that are characterised by inflexible and enduring behavioral patterns that impair normal social functioning
Antisocial Personality Disorder: Personality disorder in which a person, usually a man exhibits an extreme lack of conscience for any wrongdoing, even when it's towards friends or family. They may be ruthless and aggressive, or a clever con artist
Multiple Choice Questions Part 1
Here are some multiple choice questions for you to practice with. I will put the answers to all the questions below.
1) A psychological disorder is best defined as:
(a) distressful thoughts and behaviors
(b) deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
(c) abnormal thoughts and behaviors
(d) a person suddenly showing symptoms of insanity
2) Post-traumatic stress disorder is a(n):
(a) anxiety disorder
(b) personality disorder
(c) attitude problem
(d) mood disorder
(e) dysthymic disorder
3) Calista, a third year psychology student, believes that her car has been bugged, and that the government is listening to all her conversations. Driving to work, she is worried that every car that follows her for more than two blocks is a government agent waiting to arrest her and take her in for questioning. She never goes to the same grocery store more than once in a month, afraid that an agent might pick her up at the store. Based on this information, Calista seems to be experiencing:
(a) delusions of grandeur
(b) delusions of persecution
(c) hallucinations
(d) obsessions
(e) compulsions
4) Carson complains that he has been feeling fearful, and on edge a lot of the time, but cannot find a reason why. Often, without warning, his heart will pound out of his chest, his hands will get clammy, and he will begin to sweat. In this case, Carson most likely has:
(a) a phobia
(b) obsessive-compulsive disorder
(c) dissociative disorder
(d) generalized anxiety disorder
(e) dysthymic disorder
(5) Bulimia Nervosa is considered to be what kind of disorder?
(a) body dysmorphic
(b) mood
(c) personality
(d) dissociative
(e) dysthymic
(6) A somatoform disorder is best defined as:
(a) mental illnesses that cause bodily symptoms, most often pain, which cannot be linked back to an actual physical cause.
(b) people faking pain in order to garner sympathy from peers
(c) pent up feelings manifesting themselves as physical symtoms
(d) unresolved childhood conflicts that have affected the persons relationship with his or her parents
(e) constant feeling of helplessness and confusion
(7) People who suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder often do which of the following?
(a) experience anxiety-producing thoughts, images or impulses
(b) have false beliefs despite evidence stating the contrary
(c) have panic attacks
(d) have sensory or perceptual experiences that occur without external stimulus
(e) have sporadic periods of feeling like they are incomplete without their obsessions
(8) What is a culture-bound disorder?
(a) a disorder that is bound to happen in most cultures
(b) a disorder particular to a specific cultural context
(c) a disorder not included in the DSM-V's diagnostic categories
(d) a disorder whose onset is heavily influenced by cultural factors
(e) a disorder that is caused due to opposing beliefs between two cultures
(9) Which is true about people suffering from anorexia nervosa?
(a) they do not binge eat
(b) they are relatively physically healthy
(c) they tend to believe that they won't gain any weight
(d) most people suffering from anorexia nervosa are not teenaged girls
(e) they do not have, nor can maintain a normal body weight
(10) Which is likely true about somatoform disorders?
(a) the sufferers intentionally produce their symptoms
(b) the symptoms are caused by a traceable medical reason or condition
(c) the sufferer pays much too much attention to the bodily symptoms
(d) the sufferer does not actually experience any real symptoms
(e) the sufferer has amnesia about the major even that triggered the somatoform disorder
Answers and reasons
:
1) the correct answer is (b). This is how it is defined in Myers Psychology Textbook, tenth edition. In the DSM-5, they describe a psychological disorder as: "a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects dysfuntion in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functions."
2) the correct answer is (a). The Myers Psychology Textbook defines anxiety disorders as: "Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety." People who suffer from PTSD are often plagued by distressing nightmares, and flashbacks, causing extreme anxiety, and fear. Often times these nightmares, and flashbacks affect their ability to function in regular, everyday settings that someone without PTSD would be able to manage.
3) the correct answer is (b). Calista falsely believes that she is being listened to, followed, and that the agents are out to get her.
4) the correct answer is (d). People suffering from GAD often feel anxious, on edge and stressed for no apparent reason, and will feel this way all the time.
5) the correct answer is (a). Body dysmorphic disorder is described as psychological disorder in which a person becomes obsessed with imaginary defects that they find with their body. Anorexia nervosa could also be considered a body dysmorphic disorder.
6) the correct answer is (a). Somatoform disorders are described as mental illnesses that cause bodily symptoms, including pain. The symptoms can't be traced back to any physical cause. And they are not the result of substance abuse or another mental illness. People with somatoform disorders are not faking their symptoms.
7) the correct answer is (a). People who suffer from OCD experience uncontrollable and distressing thoughts or obsessions that make it hard for them to function normally. In order to try to stem these distressing thoughts or obsessions, they will act upon these anxiety inducing thoughts or feelings.
8) the correct answer is (b). Culture-bound disorders may occur over a couple different cultures, and in different countries where these cultures are present. As of now, there have been no disorders that have been found to be the exact same no matter where you are in the world.
9) the correct answer is (e). People who suffer from anorexia nervosa tend to be severely underweight. Even if they gain weight, it is often that they will not be able to maintain this weight without professional help.
10) the correct answer is (c). Often what will happen with someone who suffers from somatoform disorder, is that they will become obsessed with their physical symptoms that it overcomes them.
1) A psychological disorder is best defined as:
(a) distressful thoughts and behaviors
(b) deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
(c) abnormal thoughts and behaviors
(d) a person suddenly showing symptoms of insanity
2) Post-traumatic stress disorder is a(n):
(a) anxiety disorder
(b) personality disorder
(c) attitude problem
(d) mood disorder
(e) dysthymic disorder
3) Calista, a third year psychology student, believes that her car has been bugged, and that the government is listening to all her conversations. Driving to work, she is worried that every car that follows her for more than two blocks is a government agent waiting to arrest her and take her in for questioning. She never goes to the same grocery store more than once in a month, afraid that an agent might pick her up at the store. Based on this information, Calista seems to be experiencing:
(a) delusions of grandeur
(b) delusions of persecution
(c) hallucinations
(d) obsessions
(e) compulsions
4) Carson complains that he has been feeling fearful, and on edge a lot of the time, but cannot find a reason why. Often, without warning, his heart will pound out of his chest, his hands will get clammy, and he will begin to sweat. In this case, Carson most likely has:
(a) a phobia
(b) obsessive-compulsive disorder
(c) dissociative disorder
(d) generalized anxiety disorder
(e) dysthymic disorder
(5) Bulimia Nervosa is considered to be what kind of disorder?
(a) body dysmorphic
(b) mood
(c) personality
(d) dissociative
(e) dysthymic
(6) A somatoform disorder is best defined as:
(a) mental illnesses that cause bodily symptoms, most often pain, which cannot be linked back to an actual physical cause.
(b) people faking pain in order to garner sympathy from peers
(c) pent up feelings manifesting themselves as physical symtoms
(d) unresolved childhood conflicts that have affected the persons relationship with his or her parents
(e) constant feeling of helplessness and confusion
(7) People who suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder often do which of the following?
(a) experience anxiety-producing thoughts, images or impulses
(b) have false beliefs despite evidence stating the contrary
(c) have panic attacks
(d) have sensory or perceptual experiences that occur without external stimulus
(e) have sporadic periods of feeling like they are incomplete without their obsessions
(8) What is a culture-bound disorder?
(a) a disorder that is bound to happen in most cultures
(b) a disorder particular to a specific cultural context
(c) a disorder not included in the DSM-V's diagnostic categories
(d) a disorder whose onset is heavily influenced by cultural factors
(e) a disorder that is caused due to opposing beliefs between two cultures
(9) Which is true about people suffering from anorexia nervosa?
(a) they do not binge eat
(b) they are relatively physically healthy
(c) they tend to believe that they won't gain any weight
(d) most people suffering from anorexia nervosa are not teenaged girls
(e) they do not have, nor can maintain a normal body weight
(10) Which is likely true about somatoform disorders?
(a) the sufferers intentionally produce their symptoms
(b) the symptoms are caused by a traceable medical reason or condition
(c) the sufferer pays much too much attention to the bodily symptoms
(d) the sufferer does not actually experience any real symptoms
(e) the sufferer has amnesia about the major even that triggered the somatoform disorder
Answers and reasons
:
1) the correct answer is (b). This is how it is defined in Myers Psychology Textbook, tenth edition. In the DSM-5, they describe a psychological disorder as: "a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects dysfuntion in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functions."
2) the correct answer is (a). The Myers Psychology Textbook defines anxiety disorders as: "Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety." People who suffer from PTSD are often plagued by distressing nightmares, and flashbacks, causing extreme anxiety, and fear. Often times these nightmares, and flashbacks affect their ability to function in regular, everyday settings that someone without PTSD would be able to manage.
3) the correct answer is (b). Calista falsely believes that she is being listened to, followed, and that the agents are out to get her.
4) the correct answer is (d). People suffering from GAD often feel anxious, on edge and stressed for no apparent reason, and will feel this way all the time.
5) the correct answer is (a). Body dysmorphic disorder is described as psychological disorder in which a person becomes obsessed with imaginary defects that they find with their body. Anorexia nervosa could also be considered a body dysmorphic disorder.
6) the correct answer is (a). Somatoform disorders are described as mental illnesses that cause bodily symptoms, including pain. The symptoms can't be traced back to any physical cause. And they are not the result of substance abuse or another mental illness. People with somatoform disorders are not faking their symptoms.
7) the correct answer is (a). People who suffer from OCD experience uncontrollable and distressing thoughts or obsessions that make it hard for them to function normally. In order to try to stem these distressing thoughts or obsessions, they will act upon these anxiety inducing thoughts or feelings.
8) the correct answer is (b). Culture-bound disorders may occur over a couple different cultures, and in different countries where these cultures are present. As of now, there have been no disorders that have been found to be the exact same no matter where you are in the world.
9) the correct answer is (e). People who suffer from anorexia nervosa tend to be severely underweight. Even if they gain weight, it is often that they will not be able to maintain this weight without professional help.
10) the correct answer is (c). Often what will happen with someone who suffers from somatoform disorder, is that they will become obsessed with their physical symptoms that it overcomes them.
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